What is the difference between AC and DC current?

The distinction between AC (Alternating Current) and DC (Direct Current) is rooted in the nature of their flow. AC current is characterized by its ability to change direction periodically, which allows it to oscillate back and forth. This periodic reversal of current direction is what defines AC, making it suitable for applications such as electrical power transmission over long distances and standard household electricity supply.

On the other hand, DC current flows in a single, consistent direction. This steady flow is typical for batteries and many electronic devices where constant polarity is required for operation.

Understanding this fundamental difference is essential for grasping how each type of current is utilized in various applications, thus making option B the most accurate description of their characteristics.